UEFA Europa League

History

The UEFA Cup was preceded by the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, which was a European football competition played between 1955 and 1971. The competition grew from 11 teams during the first edition (1955–58) to 64 teams by the last edition which was played in 1970–71. It was replaced by the UEFA Cup, a new seasonal confederation competition with different regulations, format and disciplinary committee. In 2009, UEFA observed that while the Fairs Cup was "very successful ... the time came when the UEFA Executive Committee thought that such a major competition should be governed and organised by UEFA itself, which could ensure that standard rules were followed and could deal with refereeing and disciplinary matters". Since that time, the UEFA Cup "steadily became more prestigious".

The UEFA Cup was first played in the 1971–72 season, ending with an all-English final between Wolverhampton Wanderers and Tottenham Hotspur, with Spurs lifting the cup. In 1973 another English club, Liverpool, defeated Borussia Mönchengladbach in the final. Gladbach won the competition in 1975 and 1979, and reached the final in 1980. Feyenoord won the cup in 1974 after defeating Tottenham Hotspur 4–2 on aggregate (2–2 in London, 2–0 in Rotterdam). Liverpool won the competition for the second time in 1976 after defeating Club Brugge in the final.

During the 1980s, IFK Göteborg (1982 and 1987) and Real Madrid (1985 and 1986) won the competition twice each, with Anderlecht reaching two consecutive finals, winning in 1983 and losing to Tottenham Hotspur in 1984. 1989 saw the commencement of the Italian clubs' domination, when Diego Maradona's Napoli defeated VfB Stuttgart. The 1990s started with two all-Italian finals, and in 1992, Torino lost the final to Ajax on the away goals rule. Juventus won the competition for a third time in 1993. Inter Milan kept the cup in Italy in 1994.

1995 saw a third all-Italian final, with Parma proving their consistency after two consecutive Cup Winners' Cup finals. The only final with no Italians in the 1990s was in 1996. Internazionale reached the final the following two years, losing in 1997 to Schalke 04 on penalties, and winning another all-Italian final in 1998, taking home the cup for the third time in only eight years. Parma won the cup in 1999, the last win of the Italian-domination era. It was the last UEFA Cup/Europa League final appearance for any Italian club until Internazionale reached the 2020 final.

Since the first edition of the competition in 1971 four teams have qualified from the top leagues and then three, two or one from the lower-ranked national leagues. Qualitatively, the teams that qualified for the competition from 1971 to 1995 were usually those ranked from the second place to third, fourth or fifth place in their national league, with the exception of the teams that had won the domestic Cup in the previous season who choose to play the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.

From 1996 more than one team per nation has been allowed to participate in UEFA Champions League: two teams from 1996, four from 1999 in the top leagues; the clubs that qualified from 1999 onwards in UEFA Cup were those ranked from fifth or sixth position to seventh or eight position, significantly reducing the quality and the prestige of the competition in favour of the UEFA Champions League.

From 1994–95 clubs eliminated from the UEFA Champions League in its third qualifying round were fed into the UEFA Cup, and from 1999–2000 this was extended to include the team finishing third in their section in the UEFA Champions League group stage (this rule will last until the end of 2023–24 season: in 25 years 9 teams that won the competition was coming from the elimination as third place in their UCL group-stage).

The UEFA Cup Winners' Cup competition was absorbed by UEFA Cup since 1998–99 season.

The era of the 2000s began with victory for Galatasaray, the first team to lift the trophy having begun the season in the UEFA Champions League and the First Turkish team to win the trophy, defeating Arsenal. Liverpool won the competition for the third time in 2001. In 2002, Feyenoord became winners for the second time, defeating Borussia Dortmund. Porto triumphed in the 2003 and 2011 tournaments, with the latter victory against fellow Portuguese side Braga.

In 2004, the cup returned to Spain with Valencia being victorious. CSKA Moscow won in 2005. Sevilla succeeded on two consecutive occasions in 2006 and 2007, the latter in a final against fellow Spaniards Espanyol. Zenit Saint Petersburg won in 2008, defeating fellow finalists Rangers. Ukraine's Shakhtar Donetsk, won in 2009, the first Ukrainian side to do so.

Since the 2009–10 season, the competition was rebranded as the UEFA Europa League. At the same time, the UEFA Intertoto Cup, UEFA's third-tier competition, was discontinued and merged into the new Europa League.

Atlético Madrid won twice in three seasons, in 2010 and 2012, the latter in another all-Spanish final between them and Athletic Bilbao. In 2013, Chelsea became the first Champions League holders to win the UEFA Cup/Europa League the following year. In 2014, Sevilla won their third cup in eight years after defeating Benfica on penalties. In 2015, Sevilla won their fourth UEFA Cup/Europa League and, in an unprecedented feat, they defended their title a third year in a row beating Liverpool in the 2016 final, making them the most successful team in the history of the competition with five titles. Atlético won their third title in 2018. The 2019 all-London final between Chelsea and Arsenal was the first UEFA Cup/Europa League final between two teams from the same city. Sevilla added a record-extending sixth victory in 2020, after defeating Inter Milan, and won an unprecedented seventh title in 2023. Sevilla and Tottenham Hotspur are the only clubs to have won the competition in three different decades.